Hanoi is located in the Red River Delta, in the center of North Viet Nam, is the capital of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, the center of culture, politics, economy and trade of the whole country. Throughout the thousand years of its eventful history, marked by destruction, wars and natural calamities, Hà Noi still preserves many ancient architectural works including the Old Quarter and over 600 pagodas and temples. Famous sites include the One Pillar Pagoda (built in 1049), the Temple of Literature (built in 1070), Ha Noi Citadel, Ha Noi Opera House, President Ho Chi Minh's Mausoleum and so on.